Maryam Hajighasem-Kashani

Background and Aim: Released dopamine from dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta affects dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis in the hippocampus (HPC). Damage to dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) causes decreased neurogenesis in DG which results in memory impairment.
Materials and Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study. We assessed the effect of intravenous transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on hippocampal neurogenesis after inducing injury by 6-OHDA (memory disability model of PD).We performed bilateral injections of 6-OHDA into substantia nigra (SNc) of male Wistar rats. First group of the rats received bilateral injections of 6-OHDA (6 µg) dissolved in 2µl saline. Second group received saline injections instead of neurotoxin (sham group). In the third group we transplanted the 3rd passage of ADSC cells which had been assessed for CD90 immunostaining (1×106 in 500 μl medium), via tail vein. The 4th group included injured rats which received an injection of the fluid of the culture media (500 µl) through tail vein. After treatment, rats were sacrificed. The brains of the rats were removed, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin and cut into 10μm thick slices. We stained the sections with cresyl violet and determined the density of neurons in DG, CA1, CA3.
Result: Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. P≤ 0 .05 was considered significant. Neuron density in DG, CA1, CA3 showed significant decrease in the injured and medium treated groups compared to the sham group (P<0.00). All so we found a significant increase in neuron density in these regions in the cell group in comparison to the medium treated and injured groups (p<0.000).
Conclusion: Intravenous injection of ADSCs protected hippocampal neurons from further damage in response to 6-OHDA.Therfore cell therapy can be a suitable method for the improvement of memory impairment in the patients with Parkinson's disease. © 2014, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem sells (MSCs) have an important role in cell therapy due to those high proliferation, differentiation and cell regeneration capacity. Advent signs of Replicative Cellular Senescence (R.C.S) in culture condition are one of the problems in stem cells culture pathway before treatment. R.C.S is associated with reducing the capacity of antioxidant enzymes and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) proteins changes. The aim of this study was to areinvestigate and compare the production capacity of antioxidant superoxiddismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2) in conditional medium of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Materials and Methods: BMSCs and ADSCs were respectively isolated from the tibia and femur bones and subcutaneous adipose tissues. These cells were cultured for alternative 7 passages in α-MEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Evaluation of antioxidant and MMP activity in the conditional medium without serum was respectively assayed by enzymatic assay and zymography. Results: Two types of cells studied almost identical have most activity in the expression of SOD and GPx, respectively, in 5 and 4-6 passages. Also, demonstrated MMP activity is highest in the fourth passage. On the other hand, in these cells, membrane health reported with measurement of MDA and LDH. Conclusion: Adipose tissue has a population of stem cells with high capacity of antioxidant. Also, BMSCs and ADSCs are at highest level of antioxidant and MMP expression capacity in 4-6 passages.